Electric signaling system



R. J. HEWETT.

ELECTRIC SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 14, 1917- Patented 001k. H, 1921b 2 SHEETS-S ET1.

R. J. HEWETT.

. ELECTRICSIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 14, 1917- Patented Oct. 11, 192L- 2 SHEETS-SHEET2.

' between passing \sidings, although the in-" ROBERT J. HEWETI, 0FWESTFIELD, JERSEY.

T 0 all whom it may concern: i

Be it known that L-Ronnnr J. .I-Inwnrr, a

citizen of. the United States, and a resident of Westfield, county ofUnion, a-ndState of New Jersey, have invented certain new andusefulImprovements in Electric Signaling Systems, ofwhich the fOllOWlIlglS ,aspecification, reference beinghad. to the accompanying drawings, whichform a part hereof. H e l Th s invention relates to an 1mprovedsignaling system especially adapted for use in connection with singletrack railway lines over which traffic proceeds inboth directions. Itsmost important present utility is in connection with stretches of singletrack vention is not limited to this particular use. In the accompanymgdrawings forming part of H118. specificat on, the circuits and 1connections of a complete absolute-permissive system between passingsidings of a slngletrack are shown in diagram, Figure 1 and Fig. 2 eachshowing one-half of the entire arrangement.

Figs. 1 and 2 takentogetlier show a complete absolute-permissive blocksignal system extending from eastbound; absolute signal 10 at passing,station Won tl' e left of Fig. 1 to west-bound absolute signal 15 atpassing station X on the right of Fig. 2.

It includeseast-bound signals 10, 12 and 14 for controllingeast-bound'train movements;

and also west-bound signals 15, 13 and 11 for. controllingwest-boundtrain movements.

v il'est bound signal 9 at passing station W controls west-bound trainj'movements intopassing station W and east-bound signal 16 at passingstation X controls east- The track is divided into a suitable number; oftrack zones, TFjt-o T inclusive,iprop- V crly insulatedfrom one another.lilach of thesezones is provided with track batteries, indicated at'lBto TB inclusive in they drawings. -(For clearness, the track battermsfor the. end sections are omitted.) r

' ,The control circuits are of the polarized typein which aneutral-polar linerelaycontrols the two movements of the; signal arm;

. as, the 45 and the 90 movements. Allof these line relays, except L,for thefstretch ing at theirrpolest ELECTRIC SIGNALING SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patantd Ill, I921.

Application filed April 14, 1917. Serial No. 161,948.

shown--L and If for the signals governing the entrance to the passingstations are signal armindicate's stop, the-45 position indicatesproceed at caution and the 90 position indicates proceed at. speed. Thelast two positions, therefore, indicate proceed.

All the east-bound control circuits are nunlbered and only part of thewest-bound similar referencenumerals being employed for similar circuitsassoeiated with the several signals. East bound absolute signal 10 iscontrolled by east-bound neutral-polar line relay L, the circuit is asfollows: from line relay L wire 20, contact 21 of track relay R linewire 22, contact 23 of track relay R wire 24, contact 25 of east-bound.polar selector relay S wire 26, wire 27,

positivepolechanger P, wire 28, wire 29,

..wire 30, battery M13 wire 31, wire 32,

negative pole changer N and the common wire C back to east-bound linerelay L Pole changers P and N of signal 12 move together and areoperated by the motor operating mechanism of signal 12. The

other pole changers P and N operate in a similar manner with respect totheir signals.

When signal 12 isin its 45 or itsposition the pole changers P and N willbe in the position shown and a current of normal direction .will liowfrom battery MB,

through the circuit just traced, and control polarity and will holdclosed its polar contact 52, :and will also hold closed its neutralcontacts 48 and 41. Neutral contact 48 controls the 45 motor mechanismthrough the local circuit as follows: from positive terminal of batteryM13 wire 30, wire 29, wire 47, contact 48, wire 49 to the 45 motormechanism of signal 10, wire 50, wire 32, wire- 31, to the negativeterminal of battery MBW. This motor circuit moves the signallO from itszero or stop position to lbs 45. position. Contact 48 and polar contact53 control the 90 motor circuit which is as follows: from the positiveterminal of battery M13 wire 30, wire 29, wire 47, contact 48, wire51,,pola1' contact 52, wire 53, contact 54, and wire 55 to the 90 ,motormechanism of signal 10, wire 50, wire 32,

and wire 31 to the negative terminal of battery MB This 90 motormechanism moves the signal from 45 to'the 90 position. l/Vhen signal 12is in its zero or stop position its pole changers P and N will bereversed, that is, thrown to the left, and this reverses the polarity ofbattery MB with respect tothe line and a current of reverse directionwill flow from battery MB through '-the line wire 22 and control relay Icontrol by means oftwo separate control wires, home and distant, may beused although the former is preferred. The neutral polar control relaysL and L are ener ized, respectively, from batteries MB and' MB bysimilar circuits indicated by similar reference numerals. 'In tracingthe foregoing line control circuit of relay L it will be noted that itgoes through a contact 25 ofeast-bound polar selector relay S. Thispolar selector relay S is one of the new and important features of theinvention and will now be explained.

Eastbound-polar selector relay S is normally energized and is includedin a normally closed local circuit controlled by con- 35 tact 41 ofeast-bound line relay L and also by a pair of pole changing contacts 37and 43 of track relay R. The normal circuit is as follows: from positiveterminal of battery MB, wire 30, wire 36, front contact 37, wire 38,wire 39, east-bound polar selector relay S wire 40, contact 41 ofeastbound line relay L wire 42, front contact 43, wire 44, and wire 31to the negative terminal of battery MB. This normal current willenergize east-bound polar selector relay S with a normal polarity andits polar contact 34 will be held to the left or open position as shown.vVhen track relay R is deenergized its front contacts 37 and 43 will beopen and its back contacts 45 and 46cwill be closed and this willreverse the polarity of battery MB with respect to the east-bound polarselector relay 8 as follows: from the positive terminal of battery MB,wire 30, wire 36, back contact 45, wire 42, contact 41, wire 40, polarselector relay S wire 39, back contact 46, wire 44, wire 31, to thenegative terminal of battery MB.

This reverse current will reverse the polarity of polar selector relay Sand it will throw its polar contact 34' to the right or closed position.

At east-bound signal 14 the polar selector relay S is shown ascontrolled by similar pole changing contacts 37, 43, 45 and 46, and

also the circuit controller K on the signal instead of the contact 41 onthe line relay L. Its circuit is as follows: from positive terminal ofbattery Ml wire 30, wire 36, front contact 37, wire 38, wire 39, polarselector rela S wire 40, contact segment I and arm K operated by signal14, wire 42, front contact 43, wire 44, wire 31, to the negativeterminal of battery MB. Circuit controller K follows the movement of thesemaphore arm and is closed when the arm moves from the 45 to 90position and from 90 down to the 45 position, but will be open when thearm is below the 45 position. Circuit controller K has the same controlon polar selector relay 8 as contact 41 of the line relay L would have,and is shown merely to indicate an alternative way for controlling thepolar selector relay.

The line control circuit for neutral-polar line relay L is as follows:from relay L, w1re 20, contact 21 of track relay RF, line w1re 22,contact 23, w1re 24, positive pole changer P, wire 28, wire 29, batteryMB,

wire 32, negative pole changer N and the common wire back to line relayL circuit is similar to the circuits for relays L and L but it has noselective control at signal 16. This is due to the fact that it is thelast circuit in the east-bound absolute control series. The polarselector relays, such as S and S and their circuits therefor areomit-ted in connection with line relay L. At signal 10 the polarselector relay S is energized from battery MB through circuitconnections similar to those for relays S and S and are indicated bysimilar reference numerals.

The operations of the east-bound absolute control circuits when actuatedby a westbound train, may now be explained. A westbound train at passingstation X, on entering track section T will deenergize track relay R andits contact 23 will open the east-bound line control circuit of linerelay L and deenergize this relay which, by opening its contact 48, willput signal 14 to (langer and this, by opening its circuit controller K,will open the local selector circuit and deenergize polar selector relayS and its neutral contact 25 will open the next eastbound controlcircuit to the west and deenergize line relay L which by opening itscontact 48 will put signal 12 to danger. Relay L, by opening its contact41, will dc energize polar selector relay S and i s neutral contact 25will open the next east-boun d control circuit to the west anddeenergize line relay L and put absolute signal 10 to danger. The entryof the west-bound train into track section T therefore, by thisrepeating arrangement of the line relays and polar selector relays, willput all east-bound signals to danger and the stop position of east-boundabsolute signal 10 will hold the This route for the west-bound train. Itwill be noted that the neutral contacts 25 of the polar selector relaysare active in this repeatin action. The polar contacts 34 remain intheir normal or open position during such repeatingaction, and are onlyclosed during east-boundtrain movements, as will a be explained fartheron.

From the foregoing it will be seen that absolute signal 10 is thefirstof the series of east-bound absolute controlled signals. This absolutecontrol is due to the repeating arrangements of the several line relaysand the local polar selector relays as previously explained," to-wit,line relay L and local polar selector relay S at signal 12 and linerelay L and local polar selector relay S at signal 14. Signal 14 is thelastofthe east-bound series. y y

The principle involved in the absolute control may be stated morebriefly by saying that each line control circuit repeats back to thenextline control circuit in the rear, these circuits being thus relayedtogether from east to West. 7

At east-bound absolute signal 10, it will be noted that the polarselector relay S does not control any line circuit by its neutralcontact 54. The reason for this is that the absolute control ends atsignal 10. Control relay L by its contact 41 controls the polar selectorrelay S as usual, but the neutral contact 54 of polar selector relay Sdoes'not control the east-bound signal8 in the rearnot shown. Instead ofthis it con trols the 90 motor mechanism of signal 10, being included inthe circuit with wire 53, contact 52 of relay L as will be understood.

The east-bound signal to the west of sig ml 10 is signal 8-notshown-located at the west end of passing station W, and corresponds tosignal 16 at the west end of passing station X in Fig. 2. The controlcircuitfor east-bound signal 8 is only partly shown, and beginning withthe line wire is as follows: from line wire 22, contact 23 of trackrelay R wire 24, contact 25 of track relay R wire 26', wire 27, positivepole for east-bound signal 8. then changer P, wire 28, wire 29, tiveterminal of battery M13 32, negative pole changer N mon wire C back tothe line wire 80, posiwire 31, wire and the comcontrol relay throughcontact 21 or" track relay R not shown-and to line Wire 22. The latterpart of this circuit is the same as the similar part of the circuit forline'relay L shown inFig. 2. A westbound train in track section T Wllldeenerglze'track relay R and its contact 25 will open the controlclrcuit for signal 8 and puts it at danger. Contact 25 of trackrelay Rtherefore, gives sigan overlap control into track section T. This isadvantageous because 1t gives safe protection this signal to 45position.

is not affected to two opposing trains entering passing station W. Aneast-bound train in track section T will put signal 8 to 45 position, aswill appear from the following explanations. The full performance of thecircuits will now be explained, assuming that everything is normal, byconsidering the movement of two following east-bound trains enteringinto the block through passing station W.

As the first train enters track section T .-not shown-it deenergizestrack relay R -not shownand by opening its contact 21, not shown putssignal 8 to danger behind the train, in the same way as an eastboundtrain entering track section T would operate on relay R and signal 16.As this first train enters track section T it de'e'nergizes its trackrelay R and by opening its contact 23 continues signal 8 at danger.

- When the train enters track section T track relay R will bedeenergized. This causes contacts 45 and 46 to close and reverse thepolarity of current from battery M13 through polar selector relay S Italso opens at contact 21 the circuit through line relay L Belay L is ofthe slow release type, as has heretofore been explained, so that beforeit drops its contacts 48 and 41. the

reverse current through relay S has closed its polar contact 34. Whennowrelay L drops its contacts 48 and 41, signal 10 moves to stopposition thereby shifting the position of pole changers P and N and thecircuit through polar relay S is broken at contact 41. As soon as polechangers P and N reverse their position, a current of reverse polarityflows from battery M13 through the "line circuit of linerelay L Thiscircuit is as follows: from positive terminal of battery M13 throughwires and 29, positive pole changer P, common wire C, line' relay Lcontact 21 of track relay R wire 22, contact 23 of track relay R wires24 and 38, polar contact 34, now closed, wires and 27, negative polechanger N, wire 32 to negative pole of battery M13 This reverse currentenergizes line relay L with a current of reverse polarity and therebycloses neutral contact 48 of relay L and opens its polar contact 52.This closes the local circuit from battery MB through the motormechanism of signal 8 and puts The following east-bound train. is thenpermittedto enter the passing station WV at signal 8. The polar contact34 oi selector relay S remains closed after said relay is deenergizedbecause ofthe biased permanent magnetic condition due to its structure.Such polar con- -tact,lil:ethe polar contacts oithe other polar relaysshown in thedrawings, always remains in the position to which it hasbeen thrown by its last controlling current and by a discontinuance ofsaid current. a a

When the first east-bound train clears out of track section T and enterstrack section T track relay R will be energized and its contacts and 21and its .pole changing contacts 37 and 43 will be closed; but thedeenergized condition of control relay L due to the break in its circuitat contact 23 of track relay R (which has now been deenergized) and 'theopen condition of its neutral contact 41 will still hold open the localcircuit for polar selector relay 5 and its polar contact 34 will remainclosed.

As the first east-bound train enters track section T and clears out oftrack section T track relay R will be deiinergized. This breaks atcontact 21 the circuit of line relay 7 L It also closes pole changingcontacts 45 and 46 thereby reversing the local current from battery lVlBthrough relay S and closing polar contact 34. The slow release of relayL permits this action ofpolarrelay S to take place before contact 41opens. Thereafter, relay L opens its contacts 48 and 41. The break atcontact 48 puts signal 12 to stop position behind the train and reversespole changers P and N. The break at contact 41 opens the circuit throughpolar relay S The reversal ofpole' changers P and I N of signal 12throws a current of reverse 41 and opens its polar contact 52. Theclosing of contact 41 energizes polar relay S and closes contact 54 andopens polar contact 34. The closing of neutral contact 48 and theopening of polar contact 52 closes the circuit through the 45 motormechanism of signal 10 whereupon this signal moves to its 45 position.This also moves pole changers P and N of signal 10 back to normalposition whereupon current in normal direction from battery MB is thrownupon the line circuit of line relay L -This closes polar contact 52 ofrelay L thereby closing the 90 motor circuit of signal'S whereupon thissignal moves to its 90 position. When the train enters track section Tit breaks at contact 23 of track relay R the line circuit of line relayL previously broken at contact 21 of track relay R and continues signals10 and 12 in the same positions last described. When the train enterstrack section T and clears out of track section T signal 14 moves tostop position and its pole changers P and N are reversed. This reversesthe current through line relay L and moves signal 12 to 45 position andrestores its pole changers P and N to normal. Current of normal polaritythereupon flows from battery M13 through line relay L thereby closingpolar contact 52 and moving signal 10 to 90 position. The circuits andconnections for signal 10, as well as this signal, are now all restoredto normal condition. The action of the train when entering track sectionT upon the circuits and connections whereby signal 14 is put to stopposition and signal 12 to 45 position will be understood from what hasheretofore been stated, being similar to the action produced by theentry of the train in track section T There is, however, a slightdifference in the arrangement for controlling polar relay S Polar relaysS and S are controlled by contact 41 of their respective line relays Land L. In the case of polar relay S instead of controlling this relay bycontact 41, it is controlled by all circuit controller K which moveswith the signal blade of signal 14. The operation of circuit controllerK has heretofore been explained and the circuit which it controls hasheretofore been traced.

\Vhen the train enters track section T it breaks at contact 23 of trackrelay R the line circuit of control relay L and continues signals 14 and12 in the same positions already described. When the train clears out oftrack section T and enters track section T it breaks at contact 21 oftrack relay R the line circuit of control relay L thereby putting signal16 to stop behind the train, as will be understood. hen signal 16 hasgone to stop position, its pole changers P and N will be reversed,thereby putting a current of reverse polarity from battery MB on theline circuit of line relay L This closes the neutral contact 48 of linerelay L and opens its polar contact 52 thereby moving signal 14 to 45position. Pole changers P and N of signal 14 are thus restored to normalposition so that a. normal current is put on the line circuit of linerelay L thereby closing polar contact 52 of relay L and moving signal 12to 90 position.

Westbound signals 15, 13, 11 and 9 are provided with circuits similar tothose heretofore described with respect to the eastbound signals andoperate in the same way. The circuits for signals 13 and 11 have thesame reference numerals as have the corresponding circuits of thecast-bound signals. The operation of the west-bound signals and theircircuits will be readily understood from the explanations heretoforemade and need not be specifically described.

It will. be noted that when an east-bound train is in. track sections Tor T that signal-10 moves from stop indication to 45 position, whereas,when a west-bound train 00- :that iny'certain absolute-permissive signalsystems, as heretofore deslgned, the SBlGClZlVG cupiestracksections T orTifis-ighal is caused to indicate stop. Signal 10 is caused to indicatestop, of course, when a westbound trainenterstrack section T and um tilsuchjtrain haspassedwest of signal 10. East and, west-bound trains havea similar action upon signals 12 and 14:. Likewise, west-bound andeast-bound trains have a similar action upon the west-bound signals. Theaction whereby an east-bound train, for example, in a track zone such asT and T 3, east of; signal 10, is prevented from causing signal, 10 to,indicatepstop, is due to the action of the polar contact 34 at signal 12which closes the linecircuit of line relay L when the-eastbound trainenters such track zone'T and T a. It will'also be noted that aneast-bound train deenergizes the line relays L L and U of the west-boundsignals,- the circuits of these relays being relayed together from westto east. Furthermore, it will be noted thatalthough the east-bound trainreverses thepolarity of the'polar selector relays of the? east-boundsignals, such as relay S and .closes its polar contact 34, neverthelessthe eastbound train does not reverse the polarity of the polarrelays ofthe west-bound signals,lsuchas relay S nor close its polar contact 34.For example, when the eastbound train is in track section T anddeenergizes track relay R it closes the polar contacts125 and 26 ofpolarrelay S, but

- this relay had been previously deenergized by; the opening of itscontact 41 when the circuit of line relay L was opened by the train atcontact 23 of track relay R and this was c'ontinued'by the opening ofcontact 21 at track relay R train clears out of track section T1 relayIt closes its pole changing contacts 37 and 43 and also closes at itscontact 21 the circuit of relay L Thiscloses contact 4:1 of relay; L andnormal current flows through relay S from battery M13 and, polar contact 34 of relay S remains in its normal open position. All the polarcontacts 34: :have a} corresponding operation.

, Among the advantages of the invention, as described in the foregoing,it may be noted or directional control is "effected by picking up anormally denergized selector relay.

There is nothing in such arrangement that will give. a continuousindicationas to the iworking condition of said selector relay. \Theinormally energized polarized selector relay, as involved in thisinvention, always controls either the absolute controlcircuitor a motor0113011113 so that, lncase the local circuit for the polarized selectorrelay ,-,should fail and leave it deenergized, the ab- 7. solute orrepeating control circuit will be Heft cre ate the e ang men l b When Ithis east-bound readily apparent by the danger zpositionlof the signalsinvolved in the selective control. At signal 10 the failure of the polarselector relay S will, by the open condition of its neutral contact 54,open the motor circuit and preventsignal 10 from clearingwto its90position. i i

While the invention has been described andillustrated'in the drawings inwhat is believed to be the best general arrangement for .a completeabsolute-permissive system between passing stations, various changes maybe made therein without departingfrom the scope of the invention.Furthermore, various features of the invention may-be appliedto othersituations. l

While this invention is shown in connection with signals standingnormally at 90 or safety position, such signals having the well knownmovable semaphore blade, it will be understood that the invention may beused in connectionwith other types of signals and which may normallygive other in.

.dications than that of! safety. or example, the system is well adaptedfor use in connection. with light signals. WhatIclaimis: 1. In asignaling-system, a stretch of track; an east-bound, signal; means forcausing J said signal to indicate stop, controlled by 'anyeast-boundtrain while said train-occupies the stretch extendingeastwardrromthesignal up. to a certain point; and meansfor causing said signalto indicate stop controlled by a west-bound train while said"relay-adapted to close the control circuit. by

the action of said east-bound train when it has reached acertain pointeast of saidsignal and adapted to open the control circuit by the actionof said west-bound train when 'ithas reacheda point farther east of saidsignal. f i

2. In a signaling system, a stretch of track; an east-bound signal meansfor causing said signalto indicate stop. controlled by an eastboundtrain while said train occupies the stretch extending eastward from thesignal up toa certain point; andmeans for causing said signal toindicatestop controlled by a westbound, train while said train occupiesthestretch eastward of the,

signalup to another point, said means inclosed neutralcontact and anormally open ipolar contact in a branch around't-heneu- .tral contact,anda magnet governing said contacts, said magnet adapted to closethepolar contact by the action of said eastbound train when ithas: reacheda certain point east of said signal and adapted-to 'open the neutralcontact, by the action of said West-bo'und'tr'ain when it has reached apoint farther east of said signal.

3. In a signaling system, a stretch of track; an east-bound signal;track relays connected with the rails of said stretch and a sourceof'current-foreach relay; means controlled by a track relay for causingsaid signal to indicate stop when operated by an east-bound train Whilesaid train occupies the stretch extending eastward from the signal-up.to a certain point; and means controlled by a track relay for causingsaid signal to indicate stop when operated by a west-bound train whilesaid train occupies the stretcheastward of the signal up to anotherpoint, said last mentioned means including a control circuit and a polarrelay governing said control circuit, said polar relay adapted to closethe control circuit by the action of said east-bound train when it hasreaeheda certain point eastof said signal and adapted to open thecontrol circuit by the action of said west-bound train when it hasreached a point farther east of said ii g v. V x

4. In a signaling system, the combination ofastretch'of track; a signal;a control circuit for said signal arranged when closed to'causethesignal to give one indication and when open to give another indication;a normally-energized relay having neutral and polar contacts in saidcircuit;

means operable by an east-bound train when it has reached a certainpoint in said stretch for closing said circuit at one of said contacts;and means operable by 'a west-bound train when it has reached a pointfarther east in said stretch for opening saidcircuit at the other ofsaid contacts.

5.- In a signaling system, the combination of a stretch oftrack; asignal; a control circuit for said signal arranged when closed to causethe signal to give one indication. and when open 'to giveanotherindication; a normally-energized relay having neutral andpolar contactsin said circuit; means operable by an east-bound train when it hasreached a certain point in said stretch for closingsaid circuit at thepolar contact; and means operable" by a west-bound train when ithasreached a point farther eastin said tral contact; 7 V

6. In a'signaling system,theo CO1I1b111Rti-:"- of a stretch of track; asignal; acontrol c rstretch for opening said circuit'at the neucuit forsaid signal arranged when closed to cause the signal to give oneindication and when open to glve another lndic'atlon; anoranally-energized relay having neutral and polar contacts in saidcircuit; means operable by an east-bound train when 1t has reached acertain point in said stretch "for closing sald c1rcu1t at the polarcontact;

means operable by a westbound train when it has reached a point farthereast in said has reached a certain point in said stretch for closingsaid circuit at one of said contacts; and means operable by a west-boundtrain when it has reached a point farther east in said stretch foropening said circuit at the other of said contacts, both of said meansincluding a normally energized magnet operating directly upon saidneutral and polar contacts 8. In combination, a stretch of trackincluding two adjoining east and west track zones; a signal; a controlcircuit therefor arranged when open to cause the signal to give oneindication and when closed to give another indication; means operable byan east-bound train in the west track zone for opening said controlcircuit; and means including a normally-energized neutral polar relaycontrolling said circuit operable by the east-bound train when it hasreached a point intermediate the stretch for closing said circuit andoperable by a west-bound train in said east track zone for opening saidcircuit.

9. In combination, a stretch of track including two adjoining east andwest track zones; a signal; a control circuit therefor arranged whenopen to cause the signal to give one indication and when closed to giveanother indication; means operable by an east-bound train in the westtrack zone for opening said control circuit; means control.- ling saidcircuit operable by the east-bound train when it has reached a pointintermediate the stretch for closing said circuit; and means operable bya west-bound train in said east track zone for opening said circuit,said last two means including a normally-energized neutral polar relaycontrolling said circuit.

10. In combination, a stretch of track including two adjoining east andwest track zones; a signal; a control circuit therefor arranged whenopen to cause the signal to give one indication and when closed to giveanother indication; a normally-energized relay having neutral and polarcontacts in said circuit; means operable by an eastbound train in thewest track zone for opensaid circuit; means operable by the eastboundtrain when it has reached a certain point intermediate the, stretch, forclosing said circuit at its polar contact; and means operable bya'west-bound trainilrthe east track zone for-opening said circuit at itsneutral contact. a i

11. In combination, a stretch of track including two adjoining east andwest track zones; a signal; a control circuit therefor arranged whenopen to causethe signal to give one indication and whenclosed to giveanother indication; a normally-energized relay having neutral .and polarcontacts in said circuit, the polar contact, being in a branch aroundthe formerfcontact; means operable by an east-bound train in the-westtrack zone for opening saidcircuit; means operable by theeast-boundtrain when it has reached a certain point intermediate the stretch forclosing said circuit at itspolar contact; and means operable by awestbound train in the east track zone for opening said circuit at itsneutral contact, said last two means including amagnet governing saidneutral and polar contacts.

12. In combination, a stretch of track including two adjoining east andwest track zones; a signal; a control circuit therefor arranged whenopen to cause the signal to giveone' indication and when closed to giveanother indication; -a normally-energized relay having neutral and polarcontacts in said circuit; a track relay operable by an east bound trainin theeast track zone for opening said circuit; a track relay operableby the east bound train when it has reached a certain point intermediatethe stretch for closing' 'said circuitat itsl polar contact; and meansoperable by a west-bound train in the east track zone for opening saidcircuit at it'sneutral contact. i a

13. In a signaling system, the combination of a stretch oftrack; asignal; a control circuit forsaid signal arranged when closed to causethe signal to give one indication and when open to giveanotherindication; a normally-energized relay having neutral and polarcontacts insaid circuit; a track relay operable by an east-bound trainwhenit has "reached a'certain point in said stretch for closing saidcircuit at one of said contacts;

and a track relay operableby a west bound 7 train when it has reached apoint farther east insaid stretch for opening said circuit at the otherof said contacts.

14; In a signaling system, a stretch of traclrcompl isilig adjoiningeastand west track zones; a signal; track relays and sourcesof current forthe track zones; two control circuits for the said signal controlled bysaid track relays andrelayed together from east to west so that when atrack relay of theeast track zo ne'is deenergized by a west-boundjtrainboth control circuits are opened to cause thesignal to indicatestop; anormally-energized relay having ia polar contact" in the west controlcircuit; and 5 means operable by an east-bound train"when part of the acontrol circuit and a it has reached a certain point intermediate thestretch for operating said polar contact 7 and thereby preventing saidtrain when in the east track zonefroin causing the signal to indicatestop. 7

15. In a signaling system, a stretch of track comprisingadjoining eastand west track zones; a signal; track relays and sources of current forthe track zones; two control circuits for the said signalcontrolled bysaid track relays and relayed together from east to west so that when atrack relay of the east track zone is deenergized by a west-boundtrainboth control circuits are opened to cause the signal to indicatestop; a nor1nally-energized relay having a neutral contact inxthe westcontrol circuit through which the control circuits are relayed and apolar contact in the west control circuit in a branch around saidneutral contact; and means operable by an east bound train when it hasreached a certain point intermediate the stretch for operating saidpolar contact and thereby preventing said train when in the east trackzone from causing the signal to indicate stop.

16. In a signaling syste1n,a stretch of track; an east-bound signal;meansfor causing said signal to indicate stop controlled by aneast-bound train while said train occupiesthe stretch extendingeastwardi'rorn the signal up to a certain point; means for causing saidsignal to indicate stop controlled by a west-bound train while saidtrain occupies the stretch eastward of the signal up to another point,said means including a control circuit and polar relay governing. saidcontrol circuit, said polar relay adapted to close the control circuitby the action of said east-bound train when it has reached a certainpoint east of said signal and adapted to open the control circuit by theaction of said west-bound train when it has reached a point farther eastof said signal; and a west-bound signal arranged to indicatestop by theaction ofthe east-bound train in any stretch west of the west-boundsignal.

17. In a signaling system, a stretch of track; an eastbound signal;track relays connected withthe rails of said stretch and source ofcurrent for each relay; means controlled bya track relay H signal toindicate stop when operated by an for causing said bound train' whilesaid train occupies the stretch eastward of the signal up to anotherpoint, said last mentioned means including polar relay govern ing saidcontrol circuit, said polar relay adapted to close the control circuitby the action of said east-bound train when it has reached a certainpoint east of said signal andadapted to open the control circuit by theaction of said west-bound train when it has reached a point farthereastot said signal; and a west-bound signal arranged to indicate stopwhen any of said track relays west of the west-bound signal is operatedby an east-bound train.

l8. In a signaling system, the combination of a stretch of track; aneast-bound signal; a control circuit for said signal arranged whenclosed to cause the signal to give one indication and when open to giveanother .indication; a normally-energized relay having neutral and polarcontacts in said circuit; means operable by an eastbound train when ithas reached a certain point in said stretch forclosing said circuit atone of said contacts; means operable by a west-bound train when it hasreached a point farther east insaid stretch for opening said circuit atthe other of said contacts; and a west-bound signal arranged to indicatestop by the action ofan east-bound train in anv part of the stretch westof the west-bound signal.

19. Incombination, a stretch of track in cluding two adjoining east andwest track zones; an east-bound signal; a control circuit thereforarranged when open to cause the signal to give one indication and whenclosed to give another indication; means operable by an east-bound trainin the ,west track zone for opening said control circuit; meansincluding a normally-energized neutral polar relay controlling saidcircuit operable by the east-bound train when it has reached a pointintermediate the stretch for closing said circuit; and operable by awestbound train in said east track zone for opening said circuit; and a'west-bound signal arranged to indicate stop by the action of aneast-bound train in any part of the stretch west of the west-boundsignal.

20. In a signaling system, a stretch of track comprising adjoining eastand west track zones; an east-bound signal; track relays and sources ofcurrent for; the track zones; two control circuits for the said signalcontrolled by said track relays and relayed together from east to westso that when a track relay of the east track zone is deenergized by awest-bound train both control circuits are opened to cause the signal toindicate stop ;,a normally-energized relay having a polar contact in thewest control circuit; means operable by an eastbound train when it hasreached a certain ,point intermediate the stretch for operating saidpolar contact and thereby preventing said train when in the east trackzone from causing the signal to indicate stop; a westbound signal; andeast and west control circuits for the west-bound signal controlled by atrain in either track zone and relayed together so that when aneast-bound train is in the west track zone both of said control circuitsfor the west-bound signal will be opened to cause the west-bound signalto indicate stop.

21. In a signaling system, a stretch of track; an east-bound signal;track relays connected with the rails of said stretch and a source ofcurrent for each relay; means controlled by a track relay for causingsaid signal to indicate stop when operated by an east-bound train whilesaid train occupies the stretch extending eastward from the signal up toa certain point; means controlled by a track relay for causing saidsignal to indicate stop when operated by a westbound train while saidtrain occupies the stretch eastward of the signal up to another point,said last mentioned means including a control circuit and a polar relaygoverning said control circuit, said polar relay adapted to close thecontrol circuit by the action of said east-bound train ,when it hasreached a certain point east of said signal and adapted to open thecontrol circuit by the action of said west-bound train when it hasreached a point farther east of said signal; a west-bound signalarranged to indi' cate stop when any of said track relays west of thewest-bound signal is operated by an east-bound train; and means operableby a west-bound train when it has reached a certain point intermediatethe stretch to cause the west-bound signal to indicate proceed.

22. In a signaling system, the combination of a stretch of track; aneast-bound signal; a control circuit for said signal arranged whenclosed to cause the signal to give one indication and when open to giveanother indication; a normally-energized rclay having neutral and polarcontacts in said circuit; means operable by an east-bound train when ithas reached a certain point in said stretch for closing said circuit atone of said contacts; means operable by a westbound train when it hasreached a point farther east in said stretch for opening said circuit atthe other of said. contacts; a westbound signal; and east and westcontrol circuits for the west-bound signal controlled by a train ineither track zone and relayed together so that when an east-bound trainis in the west track zone both of said control circuits for thewest-bound signal will be opened to cause the west-bound signal toindicate stop.

23. In combination, a stretch of track including two adjoining east andwest track zones; an east-bound signal; a control circuit thereforarranged when open to cause the signal to give one indication and whenclosed to give another indication; means operable by an east-bound trainin the west track zone for opening said control circuit;

mane

reached certain point "intermediate the stretchto'cause the west-boundsignal to in dicate proceed;

track zones;an east-bound signal; track relays and sources of currentfor the track zones; two controlcircuits forthe said'signal controlledby said track relays and relayed together fromeast to west so that whena track relay of the east track Zone is .deenergizedby a west-boundtrainboth con having-a polar contact "inthe west control circuit ;1means "operable byan east bound train when it has reached a certainpomtin termediate the stretch for 'op-eratlng said train when in the easttrack zone from causpolar contactand thereby preventing said ing the"signal to indicate stop a'west-b0und signal; east and west-controlcircuits for the west-boundf signal controlled by a train in eithertrac'lrgzone andreIayedQtOgether so i that when alleast-bound'tra'inflis in the west track "zone both of saidcontrolfcircuits; for the westbound-signal will be 'opened to cause thewest bound signal mundane stop; and

means operable fbyfia west bound train when i ithas reached l a certainpoint intermediate the stretch tdjcan e the westbound signal to indicateproceed.

part of the stretch for controlling the cone trol circuit; anormally-energized polar re;

lay; and {means controlled by eastbound 1 train when it hasreached acertain point in from' causingvthesignal to indioate stop.

means operable by a west bound trainjn any part, of Qthe stretch foropening the control circuit andfthereby causing thesignalto dicate stop;a normally-energizedpolar re lay; and means controlled-by" an eastboun'd train when it has reached certainpoint in the stretchfforoperatlngfthe polar relay in andclosingthe control circuit andtherebypreventing said train when ithas' reached a 24:. In a signalingsystem, a? stretch of track comprising adj oining eastQ and west meanscontrolled by awest-bound train certain pointin the stretch from causingthe signal to indicate stop.

27. In combination, a stretch of track; an east-bound signal; a controlcircuit for the si nal; means operable by a westbound train in any partof the stretch for controlling the control circuit; a normally energizedpolar relay; means controlled by an eastbound train when it has reacheda certain point in the stretch for operating the polar relay and therebypreventing said train When it has reached a certain point in thestretchfrom affecting the signal; a westbound signal; and means operableby an east-bound train when in the stretch west of said west-boundsignal for causing it to indicate stop, i

28. In combination, a stretch of track; an east-bound signal; a controlcircuit for the signal; means operable by a west-bound train in any partof the stretch for opening the control circuit and thereby causing thesignal to indica'tefstop; a normally-enertrol circuits are opened tocause the signal toindicateistop; a normally-energ1zed relay gized polarrelay; means controlled by an east-boundtrain when it has reached acertain point in the stretch foroperating the polarrelay and closing thecontrol circuit andthereby preventing said train when it has reached acertain point in the stretch from causing the signal to indicate stop; a

west-bound signal; and means operable by an east-bound train when in thestretch west of said west-bound signal for causing it to indicate astop. a

29. In combination, a stretch of track; an eastbound signal; a controlcircuit for the eastbound signal; means operable by a westbound train inany part; of the stretch forfopjen ng sa d "circuit andcaus ngthe I a;105.

signal to'indi'cate stop; an east-bound no'r mal ly-energized polar(relay; means con-v trollediby aneast bound train when it has a Ireached a certain pointjin the stretch for 25 In ontinents, stretchof'tracli a signal; a tanner circuit for the signal means operablebya'west bound train in any operating said polar relay and closing saidcontrol circuit and thereby preventing the a control circuitfor thewestbound signal;

means operable by an eastbound train in i the stretch for opera in'thejpol'a relay: and thereby preventing s'aidtrainfwhen has reached afcertain point the stretch bound signal for opening its control circuitand causing the west-bound signal to indi- E p; westbound polar relay;and 26." In c bination, a stretch oftracl; a signal";"* a controlcircuit for the ,s gnal when train when it has reached a certainpoint'in thestretch from causing the eastbound signal toiindicate stop;a west-boundsignal;

-1i5 any partpf the stretch west of the westithas reached a certainpoint in the stretch for'operating said westbound polar relay andclosingthe control circuit of the 'west-r hound signal and therebypreventing said west-bound train when it has reached a cer tain point inthe stretch from; causing the west-bound signal to indicate stop.

In combination, a stretch of track comprising two track zones a signal;track circuits for said track zones; means con trolled by the trackcircuits when operated by a west-bound train for causing the signalto'indicate stop; said means being also controlled by a track circuit ofthe West track zone when operated by an east-bound train for causingsaid signal to indicate stop; and a normally-energizedpolar relaycontrolled by a track circuit operated by said eastbound train when ithas reached a certain point in the stretch to prevent said train when'inthe east track zone from causing the signal to indicate stop.

31. In combination, a stretch of track comprising east and west trackzones; two east-bound signals; a control relay for each signal, of whichthe westerly relay is controlled by the easterly relay; means controlledby a train in the west track zone for operating the westerly relay tocause the westerly signal to indicate stop; meanscontrolled by awest-bound train in the east track zone for operating both of saidcontrol relays to cause both signals to indicate stop; an eastboundnormallyeenergized polar relay controlling the Westerly control relay;means controlledby an east-bound train when it has reached a certainpoint in the stretch for operating said polar relay and therebypreventing said east-bound train when it has reached a certain point inthe stretch from causing the Westerly east:

bound signal to indicate stop; a west-bound signal; and'me'ans operableby an east-bound train when many partor the stretch west of saidwest-bound signal for causing said signal to indicate stop.

32. In combination, a stretch of track comprising eastand West trackzones; two

east-bound signals; a control relay for each signal, or which theWesterly relay is controlled by the easterly relay; means controlled bya train inthe West track zone for I operating the westerly relay tocause the westerly signal to indicate stop; means controlled by awest-bound train in the east track zone'for operating bothof saidcontrol relays to cause bothsignals to indicate stop'yan east-boundnormally energized polar relay controlling thewesterly control relay;and means controlled by an eastbound :train when it has reached acertain pointin the stretch for operating said polar relay and therebypreventing said eastbound train when it has reached a certain point inthe stretch from'causing the west- 'erly'east-bound signalto indicatestop.

33. In combination, a stretch of track comprising east and westtrackzones; two

east-bound signals; track circuits for the track" zones, the westerly ofsaid signals being normally controlled by the track circuits of bothtrack zones, and the easterly of said signals being controlled by thetrack circuit or circuits of the east track zone; a normallyenergizedpolar relay; means for operating the polar relay by the action of aneastbound train when it has reached a certain point in the stretch toremove the control of said westerly signal from the track circuit ortrack circuits of said east track zone; and a west-bound signalcontrolled by the track circuits of the stretch west of said west-boundsignal.

34. In a signaling system, the combination of a stretch of track; asignal; a control circuit for said signal arranged when closed to causethe signal to give one indication and when open to give anotherindication; a single relay having neutral and polar contacts in saidcircuit; means operable by an east-bound train when it has reached acertain point in said stretch for closing said circuit at one of saidcontacts; and means operable by a west-bound train when it has reached apoint farther east in said stretch for opening said circuit at the otherof said contacts.

35. In a signaling system, the combination of a stretch of track; asignal; a control circuit for said signal arranged when closed to causethe signal to give one indication and when open to give anotherindication; neutral and polar contacts in said circuit; means operable.by an eastbound train when it has reached a certain point in saidstretch for closing said circuit at one of said'contacts; and meansoperable b Y a westbound train when it has reache a; point farther eastin said stretch for opening said circuit at the other of said contactsboth of said means includin a single magnet operating directly upon saidneutral and polar contacts.

36. In combination, a stretch of track including two adjoining east andwest track zones; a signal; a control circuit therefor arranged whentpento cause the signal to give one indication and when closed to giveanother indication; a single rela having neutral and polar contacts insaic circuit; means operable by an east-bound train in the west trackzone for opening said circuit; means operable the east-bound train whenit has reached a certain point intermediate the stretch for closing saidcircuit at its polar contact; and means operable by a west-bound trainin the east track zone for openin said circuit at its neutral contact.

37. In combination, a stretch of track including two adjoining east andwest track zones; a signal; a control circuit therefor arranged whenopen to cause the signal to give one indication and when closed to giveanotherindication; a single relay having neutral and polar contacts insaid circuit, the polar contact being in a branch around the formercontact; means operable by an east-bound train in the west track zonefor opening said circuit; means operable by the east-bound train when ithas reached a certhe east track zone for opening said circuit 'atitsneutral contact, said last two means including a magnet andpolarcontacts.

38. In a signaling system, a stretch of track comprising adjoining eastand west track zones; a signal; track relays and governing said neutralsources of current for the track zones; two

control circuits for the said signal controlled by said track relays andrelayed together from east towest so that when a track relay of the easttrack zone is deenergized by a west-bound train both control circuitsare opened to cause the signal to indicate stop; a single relay having apolar contact in the west control circuit; and means operable by aneast-bound train when it has reached a certain point intermediate thestretch for operating said polar contact and thereby preventing saidtrain when in the east track zone from causing the signal to indicatestop.

A ril, A. D. 1917.

39. In a signaling system, a stretch of track comprising adjoining eastand west track zones; a signal; track relays and sources of current forthe trackzones; two

control circuits for the said signal controlled by said track relays andrelayed together from east towest so that when a track relay of the easttrack zone is deenergized by a west-bound train both control circuitsare opened to cause the signal to indicate stop; a single relay having aneutral contact in the west control circuit through which the controlcircuits are relayed and a polar contact in the west control circuit ina branch around said neutral contact; and means op erable by aneast-bound train when it has reached a certain point intermediate thestretch for operating said polar contact and thereby preventing saidtrain when in the east track zone from causing the signal to indicatestop.

This specification signed this 13th day of ROBERT J. HEWETT.

